Well, I think Parrino had a lot more ideas than a lot of the formalists that have been called “Zombies.” Nickas calls Parrino’s work “de-formalism,” which I like a lot.

Thanks for the link to your essay!

Yeah, Nickas might have been not perfectly accurate in that, but he never claimed there isn’t more than one. And there are fewer paintings like that by Duchamp than there are silver monochromes by Jacob Kassay or rain paintings by Lucien Smith or athletic marker paintings by Fredrik Vaerslev, or whatever. And Duchamp didn’t make and sell a bunch in response to the Armory Show. In fact he gave up painting pretty much right after that. So the actual point and the words used to make it are pretty much all factually correct.